Glycemia regulation

Human blood contains glucose, and glucose is the only nutrient that can be utilized by some tissues such as the brain tissue to supply them with energy. However, more glucose may be absorbed than is immediately needed for energy, and in this case extra glucose will be absorbed in the liver and muscles in the form of glycogen , this process called glycogenesis, and also can be stored in the fat tissues in the form of triglycerides and  is referred to as lipogenesis. Blood glucose level is maintained around an average value (90mg/dl), an uncontrolled increase in blood sugar level can be dangerous, and a drop in the glucose level in the body can be harmful. Blood concentration level is regulated by negative feedback in order to keep the body in homeostasis.      

 Normal blood sugar regulation. After food enters the body (1), it is broken down and sugar enters the bloodstream (2). Sugar stimulates cells in the pancreas to release insulin (3). Insulin travels through th blood to other cells in the body and signals them to take up sugar (4).




Questions? (Click "comments" and type your answers)

1. where is the excess glucose stored  and in what form?
2. A blood sugar level above 140mg/dl is considered normal or abnormal?
3. What is the medical term used for high blood sugar and low blood sugar levels?

Reference:

• Life Science. Regulation of glycemia. (2000).
• Learn. Genetics. Genetic Learning Science Center. (2011).Retrieved July 5, 2011, from http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/badcom/
• MyDr. Pancrease and insuline. (2003). Retrieved July 4, 2011, from http://www.mydr.com.au/gastrointestinal-health/pancreas-and-insulin